Data
Galvanize has conducted years of intensive research to elucidate the impact of its pulsed electric field technology on core biological processes.
Ongoing research is focused on developing energy into therapies for airway disease and oncology.
Aliya
Publications
Moreno-Gonzalez A, Na.e EHO, Pastori C, Mammarappallil J, Seshaiah P, Plentl MB, Hatton BA, Neal RE II, Pritchett MA, Reisenauer JS, et al. Six-Month Local Control Rates and Immune Responses After Pulsed Electric Field Ablation in Metastatic Cancer. Cancers. 2025; 17(21):3495. doi: 10.3390/cancers17213495
Pritchett M, Reisenauer J, Fernandez-Bussy S, DiBardino D, Hunt S, Ma K, Pua B, Shostak E, Hatton B, Moreno-Gonzalez A, Seshaiah P, Krimsky W. The Safety of Pulsed Electric Field Ablation Before Standard of Care Treatment for Patients With Metastatic Cancer. Journal of Bronchology & Interventional Pulmonology. 2025; 32(4):e01027. doi: 10.1097/LBR.0000000000001027
Gómez AM, Enrique IB, Vives EC. Bronchoscopic Pulsed Electric Field for Ablation and Immunomodulation in Early-Stage Non-Small Lung Cancer. Open Respiratory Archives. 2025. doi: 10.1016/j.opresp.2025.100457
Hunter DW, Krimsky W, Meyerhoff RR, Mammarappallil JG, Kaviani R, Stoffregen WC, Reisenauer J. Pulsed Electric Field Ablation Safety and Characterization Near Sensitive Structures in Lung: A Preclinical and Clinical Case Series Study. J Thorac Dis. 2025. doi: 10.21037/jtd-2024-1976
Moore W, Silk M, Bhattacharji P, Pua B, Mammarappallil J, Sterman D, Chachoua A. Early Experience with Pulsed Electric Field in Recalcitrant Stage IV Lung Cancer. Lung Cancer. 2025. doi: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2025.108575
Lattanzio K, Alkhatib K, Guzzo T, Lee D, Pierorazio P, Bivalacqua T, Schurhamer B. Case Study: Pulsed Electric Field Ablation for Salvage Prostate Cancer ablation. Urology Case Reports. 2025. doi: 10.1016/j.eucr.2025.103023
Moore WH, Silk M, Bhattacharji P, Pua BB, Mammarappallil J, Meyerhoff RR, Kessler J, Tasse J, Gulizia D. Safety and Feasibility of Percutaneous Pulsed Electrical Field Ablation in Multiple Organs: A Multi-Center Retrospective Study. European Journal of Radiology. 2025. doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2025.112078
Jimenez M, Flandes J, van der Heijden EHFM, Ng CSH, Iding JS, Garcia-Hierro JF, Recalde-Zamacona B, Verhoeven RLJ, Lau RWH, Moreno-Gonzalez A, Hatton BA, Seshaiah P, Plentl MB, and Krimsky WS. Safety and Feasibility of Pulsed Electric Field Ablation for Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Prior to Surgical Resection. Journal of Surgical Oncology. 2025. doi:10.1002/jso.28110
Jimenez M, Fernandez J, Krimsky W. Hybridizing the “Hybrid” OR: A Case Report Using Pulsed Electric Field Delivery in Early Stage, Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Treat and Resect Study “INCITE ES”. Authorea. 2023. doi: 10.22541/au.168310035.54864880/v1
Knight D, Hillard H, Handran C, Kuhlman P. Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) Treatment of Refractory Vulvar Melanoma Concurrently Treated with Immune Checkpoint Blockade Demonstrating an Abscopal Response: A Case Report. Gynecologic Oncology Reports. 2025. doi: 10.1016/j.gore.2024.101671
Arciga BM, Walters DM, Kimchi ET, Staveley-O’Carroll KF, Li G, Teixeiro E, Rachagani S, Kai. JT. Pulsed Electric Field Ablation as a Candidate to Enhance the Anti-Tumor Immune Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors. Cancer Lett. 2025; 609:217361. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217361
Rouhezamin MR, Fintelmann FJ, Huang AJ, Arellano RS, Smolinski-Zhao S, Patel DM, Wehrenberg-Klee EP, Uppot RN. Limited Effectiveness in Early Human Clinical Experience with Pulsed Electrical Field Ablation. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. 2024. doi: 10.1016/j.jvir.2024.10.033
Kim, DH, Suh RD, Chiang J, Hao F, Lu DSK, Raman SS. Technical Feasibility and Safety of Image-Guided Biphasic Monopolar Pulsed Electric Field Ablation of Metastatic and Primary Malignancies. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. 2024; 35(11):1644-54.. doi: 10.1016/j.jvir.2024.08.003
Jimenez M, Fernandez JM, Krimsky WS. Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) Treatment of Progressive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Concurrently Treated with Immune Checkpoint Blockade: A Case Report. Respir Med Case Rep. 2024; 49:102018. doi: 10.1016/j.rmcr.2024.102018
Abstracts
Pritchett M, et al. Focal Treatment of Metastatic Lung Cancer Using Pulsed Electric Fields: 30-Day Safety and Initial Efficacy Results from the AFFINITY Study. AABIP 2025. Austin, TX
Roperia V, et al. Early Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) Experience Treating Metastatic Lung Disease. AABIP 2025. Austin, TX
Al Chami F, et al. Novel Use of Endobronchial Pulse Electrical Field Therapy Delivered via EBUS Bronchoscope for Obstructing NSCLC: A Case Report. AABIP 2025. Austin, TX
Fu T, et al. A Single Institutional Experience with Pulsed Electric Field Ablation in the Treatment of Patients with Localized and Metastatic Cancer. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. 2025. doi: 10.1016/j.jvir.2024.12.269
Morshedi M, et al. Single Center Experience Utilizing Pulse Electrical Field Ablation With and Without Concurrent Immunotherapy as Salvage Therapy. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. 2025. doi: 10.1016/j.jvir.2024.12.278
Hunt S, et al. Pulse Electrical Field Ablation Data in Lungs and Soft Tissue. SIR 2025. Nashville, TN
Arellano R, et al. Is There a Role for PEF in Liver and Kidneys? SIR 2025. Nashville, TN
Nafie EHO, et al. Increases in Circulating Antibodies Specific to Tumor Biopsy Samples Following Intrathoracic Aliya PEF Ablation of Lung Metastases. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. 2025
Tappuni S, et al. Safety and Treatment Response of Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) Ablation Therapy for Recurrent Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (MPM). Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. 2025
Meyerhoff R, et al. Safety of CT-Guided Pulsed Electrical Field Ablation Adjacent to Sensitive Intrathoracic Structures for Treatment of Intrathoracic Malignancies. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. 2025
Harris JP, et al. A Single-Arm Pilot Study of Combined SBRT and Electric Ablation for Lung Tumors. International Journal of Radiation Oncology. 2024; 120(Suppl 2):e24-e25.
Pritchett M, Reisenauer J, Pua B, and Krimsky WS. Abstract NO. 100. Focal Treatment of Metastatic Lung Cancer Using Pulsed Electric Fields: Safety and 30-Day Results from the AFFINITY Study. AABIP 2024. Charlotte, NC
Reisenauer J, Dibardino D, Criner GJ, Callstrom M, Hunt S, Panero J, and Krimsky WS. Neoadjuvant Soft Tissue Ablation Utilizing Aliya™ Pulsed Electric Fields with Systemic Therapy in Early-Stage Resectable Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) – VIGOR Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2024; 209:A6883
Kim D, et al. Abstract No. 363 Image-Guided Pulsed Wlectric Dield Ablation for Widely Metastatic Multihistology Cancer. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. 2024; 35(3). doi: 10.1016/j.jvir.2023.12.411
Bhanot S, et al. Abstract No. 354 Early Experience of Novel Pulsed Electric Field Ablation in Patients with Metastatic Cancer. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. 2024; 35(3). doi: 10.1016/j.jvir.2023.12.402
Meyerhoff R, et al. Safety and Feasibility of CT-Guided Percutaneous Irreversible Electroporation of Intrathoracic Malignancies Under Moderate Sedation Using a Single-Probe System. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. 2024; 35(Suppl 3):S35-S36
Tella J, Klobuka A. Abstract No. 362 Ablation of Focal Liver Masses Near Critical Structures Using Pulsed Electrical Field Therapy (PEF) with the Aliya System: A Safety and Efficacy Case Series. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. 2024; 35(3). doi: 10.1016/j.jvir.2023.12.410
Cramer P, et al. Abstract No. 356 Safety and Short-Term Efficacy of Pulsed Electric Field Ablation. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. 2024; 35(3). doi: 10.1016/j.jvir.2023.12.404
Moore W, et al. Abstract No. 549 Early Experience Using Pulsed Electric Fields (PEF) in Metastatic Disease to the Lung. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. 2024; 35(3). doi: 10.1016/j.jvir.2023.12.506
Emmons E, et al. Abstract No. 556 Pulsed Electric Field Ablation in Patients with Metastatic Soft Tissue Sarcoma: Early Results. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. 2024;35(3). doi: 10.1016/j.jvir.2023.12.513
Moore W, Taslakian B. Early Experience with PEF in the Setting of Diffuse Metastatic Disease. SIO 2024. Long Beach, CA
Jimenez M, et al. Pulsed Electric Fields Induces a Stepwise Activation of Host Anti-Tumor Immunity in Patients with Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer. 2023; 11. doi: 10.1136/jitc-2023-SITC2023.0697
Jimenez M, et al. Tertiary Lymphoid Structures (TLS) and Immune Changes in the Tumor Microenvironment (TME) in Patients with Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Treated with Pulsed Electric Fields (PEF). Keystone 2023
Jimenez M, et al. Single-Needle Delivery of Pulsed Electric Fields (PEF) Energy to Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): Feasibility and Safety Near Sensitive Structures in the INCITE ES Study. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. 2023; 34(Suppl 3):S71-72
Iding J, et al. Tertiary Lymphoid Structures (TLS) Observed in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Tumors Treated with Pulsed Electric Fields. Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer. 2022; 10(Suppl 2): A1–A1595
Jimenez M, et al. Focal Treatment of Early Stage NSCLC Using Pulsed Electric Fields: INCITE ES Study. SIR 2022. Boston, MA
Jimenez M. Focal Treatment of Early Stage NSCLC Using Pulsed Electric Fields: Safety and 30-Day Results from the INCITE ES Study. SIO 2022. San Francisco, CA
Preclinical Experience
Nafie EHO, Pastori C, and Neal II RE. Evaluating the Immune Response in a Murine Cancer Model Between Irreversible Electroporation and an Advanced Biphasic Pulsed Electric Field Technology. Frontiers in Oncology. 15. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1592610
Nafie E, Pastori C, Acharya R, Kaviani R, Hunter D, Shalaby W, Krimsky WS, Neal RE 2nd. Understanding the Aliya Pulsed Electric Field Dose-Response Relationship: Implications for Ablation Size, Thermal Load, and Immune Response in an Orthotopic Murine Breast Cancer Model. PLoS One. 2025; 20(2): e0318440. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0318440
Kaviani R, Neal RE, Hunter DW, Krimsky WS. Tissue Radiologic and Pathologic Response to Biphasic Pulsed Electric Field Technology in a Porcine Model. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. 2024. doi: 10.1016/j.jvir.2024.08.015
Pastori C, Na.e E, Wagh MS, Mammarappallil J, Neal R. Pulsed Electric Field Ablation Versus Radiofrequency Thermal Ablation in Murine Breast Cancer Models: Anticancer Immune Stimulation, Tumor Response, and Abscopal Effects. Journal Vascular and Interventional Radiology. 2023; S1051-0443(23)00857-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jvir.2023.11.021
Pastori C, Na.e E, Wagh MS, Hunt SJ, Neal RE 2nd. Neoadjuvant Chemo-Immunotherapy is Improved with a Novel Pulsed Electric Field Technology in an Immune-Cold Murine Model. PLoS One. 2024; 19(3):e0299499. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299499
Pastori C, Na.e E, Wagh MS, Mammarappallil JG, Neal RE 2nd. Pulsed Electric Field Ablation Versus Radiofrequency Thermal Ablation in Murine Breast Cancer Models: Anticancer Immune Stimulation, Tumor Response, and Abscopal Effects. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. 2024; 35(3):442-451.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.jvir.2023.11.021
– Awarded at SIR 2025 with the “Outstanding Laboratory Investigation Award” among papers published on JVIR in 2024
Abstracts
Pastori C, et al. Analysis of Long-Lasting Tumor-Specific Antibodies from Murine Tumors Treated with Aliya Pulsed Electric Fields. ASCO 2024, JCO 42:e14543-e14543(2024). doi: 10.1200/JCO.2024.42.16_suppl.e14543
Nafie E, et al. Abstract No. 330 Featured Abstract: Advanced Biphasic Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) Stimulates a More Favorable Immune Response Profile Versus Irreversible Electroporation (IRE) Upon Ablation of Murine Breast Cancer. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. 2024; 35(3). doi: 10.1016/j.jvir.2023.12.375
Nafie E, et al. Pulsed Electrical Field Therapy Addition to Systemic Paradigms Increases Circulating Tumor Immunity and Improves Outcomes in Drug-Resistant Murine Solid Tumors. Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer. 2023; 11 (Suppl 1):A893. doi: 10.1136/jitc-2023-SITC2023.0794
Nafie E, et al. Pulsed Electric Field Therapy Increases Immune Response and Improves Murine 4T1 Breast Tumor Local and Metastatic Outcomes Relative to Radiofrequency Ablation. Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer. 2023; 11(Suppl 1):A15-A17. doi: 10.1136/jitc-2023-SITC2023.0015
Nafie E, et al. Pulsed Electric Field Therapy Enhances Survival in Murine Breast Cancer Models Relative to Thermal Ablation. CIO 2023
Nafie E, et al. Pulsed Electrical Fields in Combination with Anti-PD1 Significantly Prolongs Survival of Mice with TNBC (EMT6) Murine Breast Tumor. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2023; 41(Suppl 16):540-540
Pastori C, et al. Combination of Pulsed Electric Field, Immunotherapy and Cisplatin Significantly Prolongs Survival in an Orthotopic Breast Cancer Mouse Model. Cancer Res. 2023; 83 (Suppl 7):6392
Pastori C, et al. Pulsed Electric Fields Combined with Anti-PD1 Prolongs Survival and Triggers an Adaptive Immune Response in an IO-Non-Responsive Orthotopic Mouse Model. Cancer Res. 2023; 83 (Suppl 7):6638
Pastori C, et al. Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) Ablation Invokes Stronger Immune Cytokine Profile and Tumor Response than Radiofrequency Thermal Ablation for Matched Ablation Volumes. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. 2023; 34(Suppl 3):S5
Pastori C, et al. Inclusion of Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) to Checkpoint Blockade and Platinum-Based Chemotherapy Prolongs Survival in a Metastatic Immunotherapy Resistant Tumor Mouse Model. SIO 2023 Washington, DC
Silvestrini M, et al. Synergy of Local Treatment with Pulsed Electric Fields and Anti-PD1 Checkpoint Blockade. Journal of Thoracic Oncology. 2022; 17(Suppl 9):S232
Pastori C, et al. Primary and Secondary Tumor Response to Combined Delivery of PEF and aPD-1 within 4T-1 and EMT-6 Orthotopic Tumor Models. SIO 2022. San Francisco, CA
Silvestrini M, et al. Immunogenicity of Pulsed Electric Fields is Enhanced with the Inclusion of Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy. SIO 2022. San Francisco, CA
Disclaimers
The Aliya® PEF System and the INUMI™ Flex needle are 510(k) cleared in the United States for the surgical ablation of soft tissue. They are not currently commercially available in any other geography.
Galvanize Therapeutics® does not promote the off-label use of its products and nothing herein is intended to promote an off-label use of the Aliya System. The Aliya System is a tool for the surgical ablation of soft tissues, and is not intended to treat, cure, prevent or mitigate any specific disease or condition.
This consists of all relevant scientific information Galvanize is aware of as it relates to the use of its devices. It was last updated on December 1, 2025 and is updated on a regular basis to incorporate any additional relevant scientific information. Some articles and authors have been financially and materially supported by Galvanize; however, any statements and conclusions represent the opinions of the authors.
RheOx
Publications
K. Jensen, T. Egenod, D. Franzen, M. Perch. The Use of Bronchial Rheoplasty in Emphysema Patients Previously Treated with Endoscopic Lung Volume Reduction: A Case Series. International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Aug 2024. DOI: 10.2147/COPD.S469214
G. Meininger, R. Neal, D. Hunter, W. Krimsky. Absence of Arrhythmogenicity with Biphasic Pulsed Electric Fields Delivered to Porcine Airways. Annals of Biomedical Engineering. Apr 2023. DOI: 10.1007/s10439-023-03190-5. PMID: 37185926.
A. Valipour, S. Fernandez-Bussy, A. Ing, et al. Bronchial Rheoplasty for Treatment of Chronic Bronchitis: 12 Month Results from a Multi-Center Study. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 2020; Volume 202, Number 5.
F. Sciurba, M. Dransfield, V. Kim, et al. Bronchial rheoplasty for chronic bronchitis: 2-year results from a US feasibility study with RheOx. BMJ Open Respiratory Research 2023;10:e001710.
W. Krimsky, R. Neal, V. Kim. Airway Mucosal Remodeling; Mechanism of Action and Preclinical Data of Pulsed Electric Fields for Chronic Bronchitis and Mucus Hypersecretion. Respiration. 2023;102(11):948-960.
T. Klemm, W. Krimsky, K. Welz, A. Valipour. Retreatment of symptomatic Chronic Bronchitis with Bronchial Rheoplasty. BMJ Case Reports. bcr-2023-256764.R3. Accepted publication.
Abstracts
J. Brock, F. Herth, K. Darwiche, R. Hübner, D. Skowasch, et al. Bronchial Rheoplasty for Chronic Bronchitis: 6-Month Results from the European Registry Study. European Respiratory Journal 2023 62: OA2594; DOI: 10.1183/13993003.congress-2023.OA2594.
A. Valipour, S. Fernandez-Bussy, D. Steinfort, A. Ing, P. VanderLaan. Bronchial Rheoplasty Reduces Goblet Cell Hyperplasia and Airway Inflammation in Patients with Chronic Bronchitis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023; 207:A4538.
K. Darwiche, H. Zellerhoff, F. Herth, J. Brock, M. Meilinger, I. Sperk, A. Valipour. Bronchial Rheoplasty for Chronic Bronchitis: Initial Results from a European Registry Study with RheOx. European Respiratory Society Congress, Barcelona 2022.
F. Sciurba, A. Comellas, A. Majid, K. Hogarth, N. Marchetti, V. Kim, M. Dransfield. Bronchial Rheoplasty for Chronic Bronchitis: 2 Year Results from a US Feasibility Study with RheOx. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2022;205:A5598.
D. Dorscheid, T. Shaipanich, M. Liberman, S. Martel, Marc Fortin. Bronchial Rheoplasty for Chronic Bronchitis: Results from A Canadian Feasibility Study with RheOx. Chest, Volume 160, Issue 4, Supplement, October 2021, Page A1860.
V. Kim, G. Criner, F. Sciurba, A. Comellas, A. Majid, K. Hogarth, N. Marchetti, M. Dransfield. Impact of Bronchial Rheoplasty on exacerbations in chronic bronchitis: a US feasibility study. European Respiratory Journal Sep 2021, 58 (suppl 65) PA2131; DOI: 10.1183/13993003.congress-2021.PA2131.
V. Kim, W. Krimsky, B. Bannan. Bronchial Rheoplasty improves respiratory and sleep symptoms in chronic bronchitis. European Respiratory Journal Sep 2021, 58 (suppl 65) PA2132; DOI: 10.1183/13993003.congress-2021.PA2132.
F.C. Sciurba , A.P. Comellas, A. Majid , D.K. Hogarth, N. Marchetti, V. Kim, G.J. Criner, M.T. Dransfield. Bronchial Rheoplasty for Chronic Bronchitis: Results from a US Feasibility Study with RheOx. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 2021;203:A2263.
A. Valipour, S. Fernandez-Bussy, D. Steinfort, A. Ing, G. Snell. Bronchial Rheoplasty Treatment for Chronic Bronchitis Using the Rheox System: 12-Month Results of a Prospective, Multi-Center Study. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 2020;201:A4312
Valipour, A., Ing, A., Williamson, J., et al. Late Breaking Abstract – Bronchial Rheoplasty For Treatment of Chronic Bronchitis: 6 Month Results from a Prospective Multi-Center Study. European Respiratory Journal 2019; 54: Suppl. 63, RCT448.
Kim, V. et al. Bronchial Rheoplasty Increases Distal Airway Volume in Chronic Bronchitis. European Respiratory Journal 2019; 54: Suppl. 63, PA2040.
Valipour, A., Ing, A., Williamson, J., et al. First-in-Human Results of Bronchial Rheoplasty: An Endobronchial Treatment for Chronic Bronchitis (CB). American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 2019;199:A7037.
Fernandez-Bussy, S., VanderLaan, P., Ing, A., Williamson, J. et al. Histopathologic Results Post Bronchial Rheoplasty. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 2019;199:A7043.
Valipour, A., Ing, A., Williamson, J., et al. Late Breaking Abstract – First-in-Human Results of Bronchial Rheoplasty: An Endobronchial Treatment for Chronic Bronchitis (CB). European Respiratory Journal 2018 52: Suppl. 62, OA2162.